How to Answer Difficult Media Questions
Learn how to manage difficult media interview questions.
Lisa B. Marshall
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How to Answer Difficult Media Questions
How to Answer Difficult Media Questions
I recently received this email from a regular listener in France:
I held my very first press conference last night and I found the question time really hard. I am aware that practice and thinking of questions ahead of time is important, but how do I answer difficult questions from reporters? For example, know-it-all questions, chummy questions, good-bye questions, jargonistic, and speculative questions?
Marie-Adele, thanks for your question. Having strategies for effective communication with the media is important for all of us. Although you are talking about a formal press conference, I think that today, people who believe they will never be talking with the press may be surprised to find themselves in front of a camera or microphone. Highly accessible publishing technologies have made it possible for just about anyone to find themselves being interviewed.
Prepare and Practice Your Core Message
As you mentioned, you already understand the importance of preparation and practice. are. Specifically, it’s important to know ahead of time exactly what it is that you want to communicate so that you can effectively manage the interaction.
To some extent, the actual questions asked are less important than your preparation and practice of the three to five core messages you want to communicate. No matter what question is asked, your main goal is to answer the question and communicate at least one of your planned key messages. With preparation, any question from the media is a chance to tell your side of the story, or get your message across.
Should You Speak in Sound Bites?
Some people are resistant to creating these sound bites because they feel they’re simplistic and not complete. But, it’s always better for you to summarize and simplify your ideas rather than leaving that to the reporter. Only you know the best way to create the impact that you want. Particularly in difficult situations you don’t want your words misconstrued, so the more concise your message is, the better. Remember the goal is not just to survive the interview, but to compel the audience to take the ultimate action you want them to– such as to trust your company or buy your book.
Once you know what your core messages and what you want to accomplish, you’ll need some strategies to help you manage the interaction. Two important, basic techniques are bridging and questioning the questioner.
What is Bridging?
First, you are not obligated to answer the questions exactly as asked. You never want to evade questions, but you do have the flexibility to rephrase or modify questions and to answer them in a positive, confident manner. Your responses may, or may not, briefly address the question asked before bridging to your prepared message.
For example, you can change the scope of the question by making it narrower or broader. You say, “Yes, X is a concern and let’s consider the larger issue here…” You can even change the entire direction of the question. For example, you could say, “Well, to fully answer that question, I first need to explain that…”
How Should You Answer Hostile Questions?
With hostile questions, it’s critical to remove any negatively charged language, reframe the question in the positive direction, and respond with your message. When responding, stick to the facts; ignore the personality. Most importantly, stay calm. Avoid an emotional reaction or that will end up being the story. If you need a moment to compose yourself, simply say “Before I answer that, I’ll need a moment.”
I heard a great example of an answer to a hostile question just today. A current professional real estate investor was asked, “Some people call you a vulture; how do you respond to that?”
First, he diffused the question with a smile. The he paused and said, “Well, they must not understand what it is that we do. We’ll buy this dilapidated house when no one else will, and then we’ll make it the best house on the block. Which would you rather live next to?”
I thought that was a great response. Notice, he responded to somewhat hostile question with a smile, then immediately he flipped the question in his own mind and responded with a positive core message.
Again, the overall idea with bridging is to answer the question and set up the opportunity to deliver a positive core message, which might not have been possible had you directly answered the original question. Managing the media effectively means understanding the difference between a direct answer and a response.
Question the Questioner
Another technique is to question the questioner. Always feel free to ask the interviewer a question to clarify. It’s OK to say, “Would you rephrase the question?” Often the second time a question is asked it is more direct and concise.
Sometimes it helps to understand the motivation behind the question. In this case you might try, “Why do you ask?” or “What do you mean by that?”
At times the question may be difficult because you simply don’t understand what the person is asking. Maybe it’s because of a heavy accent, maybe the question wasn’t clear, or maybe the question seemed more like a comment. In this case the best thing to do is to pick out a few key words and make the clarification yourself by asking, “Are you asking me X?” That way, you either are correct or the reporter will say, “No I was asking about Y.” In any case, you’ll get clarity, which will allow you again to shift the conversation to the story you want to tell.
Summary for Answering Media Questions
So there you have it, Marie-Adele, some general strategies to help you navigate difficult reporters’ questions and stay focused. First, you need to prepare and practice your core messages, next you need to practice bridging from the question asked to your prepared responses, and finally, when necessary, it’s important to be comfortable responding to reporter questions with your own questions to gain clarity. I know you asked also about tips for specific types of questions, such as know-it-all, chummy, good-bye, jargonistic, and speculative questions. I’ll cover those next week in How to Answer Difficult Media Questions – Part 2. I’m very excited because in that episode I talk with publicist, Helen Coranto, who will share some great tips for handling these types of questions.
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Resources
Online Public Relations – The Successful Media Interview. (Nice short tutorial. Free.)
Press Conference image courtesy of Shutterstock
About the Author
Lisa B. Marshall Lisa holds masters with duel degrees in interpersonal/intercultural communication and organizational communication. She’s the author of Smart Talk: The Public Speaker’s Guide to Success in Every Situation, as well as Ace Your Interview, Powerful Presenter, and Expert Presenter. Her work has been featured in CBS Money Watch, Ragan.com, Woman’s Day, Glamour, Cosmopolitan, and many others. Her institutional clients include Johns Hopkins Medicine, Harvard University, NY Academy of Science, University of Pennsylvania, Genentech, and Roche.